Du học Mỹ - Những Điều Cần Biết Khi Đi Làm Tại Mỹ

Cơ hội việc làm thêm tại Mỹ

Du học sinh tại Mỹ được phép đi làm thêm On-campus (trong khuôn viên trường học). Tuy nhiên, việc làm On-campus không có quá nhiều công việc để bạn lựa chọn. Và dù bạn có kế hoạch đi làm thêm tại Mỹ, bạn phải hiểu rằng việc làm thêm không phải là mục đích chính của bạn khi đến Mỹ du học và số tiền bạn kiếm được cũng không đủ để chi trả cho học phí hay chi phí sinh hoạt của bạn. Thông thường, các công việc làm thêm không liên quan đến ngành học của bạn đang học tại trường. Mức lương cho các công việc làm thêm từ $8 - $9.50 mỗi giờ.

Để đảm bảo tình trạng học tập theo diện du học sinh F-1 tại Mỹ, bạn luôn luôn ghi nhớ và tuân thủ theo các qui định sau đây:

• Bạn phải duy trình tình trạng visa du học F-1
• Bạn có thể đi làm thêm lên đến 20 giờ mỗi tuần khi đang học tại trường
• Bạn có thể đi làm toàn thời gian trong những kỳ nghỉ nếu các môn học của bạn sẽ tiếp tục học vào học kỳ tiếp theo

Cơ hội việc làm hợp pháp Off-Campus (bên ngoài trường học)

Chương trình CPT (Curricular Practical Training): đây là chương trình đi làm dành cho du học sinh tại Mỹ, chương trình CPT có thể được hiểu là một phần trong chương trình học của bạn mà bạn phải thực hiện thông qua việc thực tập bằng cách làm việc bên ngoài nhà trường (có thể được trả lương hoặc không trả lương). Du học sinh chương trình CPT không yêu cầu phải đến lớp học toàn thời gian. Tuy nhiên, để tham gia chương trình CPT, du học sinh phải đăng ký với trường mà bạn đang theo học và được sự đồng ý từ cố vấn học tập (academic advisor) cùng với I-20 mới có chứa thông tin về việc tham gia chương trình CPT (theo dạng Co-op, hoặc Internship). Số giờ làm việc cũng lên đến 20 giờ làm việc mỗi tuần cho chương trình này.

Chương trình OPT (Optional Practical Training): du học sinh quốc tế được phép đi làm 1 năm sau khi hoàn thành chương trình học tại Mỹ với mục đích có thêm kinh nghiệm làm việc. Chương trình OPT hoàn toàn khác với chương trình CPT vì OPT chỉ dành cho sinh viên đã tốt nghiệp. Sinh viên có thể tự do chọn lựa công việc khi tốt nghiệp trong vòng 90 ngày, một điểm đặc biệt là sinh viên có thể làm việc cho một hoặc nhiều công ty, có thể thay đổi công việc.

Chương trình STEM OPT Extension: ngoài chương trình OPT, du học sinh học các khối ngành thuộc STEM: Science, Technology, Engineering và Mathematics sẽ được phép kéo dài việc đi làm hợp pháp thêm 2 năm nữa, tổng thời gian đi làm sau khi hoàn thành chương trình học lên đến 3 năm tại Mỹ. Hiện nay, sinh viên học tập thuộc khối ngành STEM (không phải chỉ có 4 ngành) có cơ hội trải nghiệm làm việc để lấy kinh nghiệm cho hơn 400 ngành nghề khác nhau thuộc STEM.

Bạn thể có thể tham khảo danh sách các ngành học thuộc khối STEM bên dưới dây:

• Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture
• Animal Sciences
• Agricultural Animal Breeding
• Animal Health
• Animal Nutrition
• Dairy Science
• Livestock Management
• Poultry Science
• Animal Sciences
• Food Science
• Food Technology and Processing
• Food Science and Technology
• Plant Sciences
• Agronomy and Crop Science
• Horticultural Science
• Agricultural and Horticultural Plant Breeding
• Plant Protection and Integrated Pest Management
• Range Science and Management
• Plant Sciences
• Soil Science and Agronomy
• Soil Chemistry and Physics
• Soil Microbiology
• Soil Sciences
• Natural Resources/Conservation
• Environmental Studies
• Environmental Science
• Natural Resources Conservation and Research
• Water, Wetlands, and Marine Resources Management
• Forest Sciences and Biology
• Urban Forestry
• Wood Science and Wood Products/Pulp and Paper Technology
• Wildlife, Fish and Wildlands Science and Management
• Architectural and Building Sciences/Technology
• Digital Communication and Media/Multimedia
• Animation, Interactive Technology, Video Graphics and Special Effects
• Computer and Information Sciences
• Artificial Intelligence
• Information Technology
• Informatics
• Computer and Information Sciences
• Computer Programming/Programmer
• Computer Programming, Specific Applications
• Computer Programming, Vendor/Product Certification
• Computer Programming
• Data Processing and Data Processing Technology/Technician
• Information Science/Studies
• Computer Systems Analysis/Analyst
• Computer Science
• Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design
• Data Modeling/Warehousing and Database Administration
• Computer Graphics
• Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation
• Computer Software and Media Applications
• Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications
• Network and System Administration/Administrator
• System, Networking, and LAN/WAN Management/Manager
• Computer and Information Systems Security/Information Assurance
• Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster
• Information Technology Project Management11 111006 Computer Support Specialist
• Computer/Information Technology Services Administration and Management
• Educational/Instructional Technology
• Educational Evaluation and Research
• Educational Statistics and Research Methods
• Engineering
• Pre-Engineering
• Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical/Space Engineering
• Agricultural Engineering
• Architectural Engineering
• Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering
• Ceramic Sciences and Engineering
• Chemical Engineering
• Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
• Chemical Engineering
• Civil Engineering
• Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
• Structural Engineering
• Transportation and Highway Engineering
• Water Resources Engineering
• Civil Engineering
• Computer Engineering
• Computer Hardware Engineering
• Computer Software Engineering
• Computer Engineering
• Electrical and Electronics Engineering
• Laser and Optical Engineering
• Telecommunications Engineering
• Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering
• Engineering Mechanics
• Engineering Physics/Applied Physics
• Engineering Science14 141401 Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering
• Materials Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering
• Metallurgical Engineering
• Mining and Mineral Engineering
• Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
• Nuclear Engineering
• Ocean Engineering
• Petroleum Engineering
• Systems Engineering
• Textile Sciences and Engineering
• Polymer/Plastics Engineering
• Construction Engineering
• Forest Engineering
• Industrial Engineering
• Manufacturing Engineering
• Operations Research
• Surveying Engineering
• Geological/Geophysical Engineering
• Paper Science and Engineering
• Electromechanical Engineering
• Mechatronics, Robotics, and Automation Engineering
• Biochemical Engineering
• Engineering Chemistry
• Biological/Biosystems Engineering
• Engineering
• Engineering Technology
• Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician
• Civil Engineering Technology/Technician
• Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering
• Laser and Optical Technology/Technician
• Telecommunications Integrated Circuit Design
• Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologies/Technicians
• Biomedical Technology/Technician
• Electromechanical Technology/Electromechanical Engineering
• Instrumentation Technology/Technician
• Robotics Technology/Technician
• Automation Engineer Technology/Technician
• Electromechanical and Instrumentation and Maintenance Technologies/Technicians
• Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• Energy Management and Systems Technology/Technician
• Solar Energy Technology/Technician
• Water Quality and Wastewater Treatment Management and Recycling
• Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology
• Hazardous Materials Management and Waste Technology/Technician
• Environmental Control Technologies/Technicians
• Plastics and Polymer Engineering Technology/Technician
• Metallurgical Technology/Technician
• Industrial Technology/Technician
• Manufacturing Engineering Technology/Technician
• Welding Engineering Technology/Technician
• Chemical Engineering Technology/Technician
• Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology
• Industrial Production Technologies/Technicians
• Occupational Safety and Health Technology/Technician
• Quality Control Technology/Technician
• Industrial Safety Technology/Technician
• Hazardous Materials Information Systems Technology/Technician
• Quality Control and Safety Technologies/Technicians
• Aeronautical/Aerospace
• Automotive Engineering Technology/Technician
• Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/Technician
• Mechanical Engineering Related Technologies/Technicians
• Mining Technology/Technician
• Petroleum Technology/Technician
• Mining and Petroleum Technologies/Technicians
• Construction Engineering Technology/Technician
• Surveying Technology/Surveying
• Hydraulics and Fluid Power Technology/Technician
• Computer Engineering Technology/Technician
• Computer Technology/Computer Systems Technology
• Computer Hardware Technology/Technician
• Computer Software Technology/Technician
• Computer Engineering Technologies/Technicians
• Drafting and Design Technology/Technician
• CAD/CADD Drafting and/or Design Technology/Technician
• Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD
• Civil Drafting and Civil Engineering CAD/CADD
• Electrical/Electronics Drafting and Electrical/Electronics CAD/CADD
• Mechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD
• Drafting/Design Engineering Technologies/Technicians
• Nuclear Engineering Technology/Technician
• Engineering/Industrial Management
• Engineering Design
• Packaging Science
• Engineering-Related Fields
• Nanotechnology
• Engineering Technologies and Engineering-Related Fields
• Biology/Biological Sciences
• Biomedical Sciences26 260202 Biochemistry
• Biophysics
• Molecular Biology
• Molecular Biochemistry
• Molecular Biophysics
• Structural Biology
• Photobiology
• Radiation Biology/Radiobiology
• Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
• Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology
• Botany/Plant Biology
• Plant Pathology/Phytopathology
• Plant Physiology
• Plant Molecular Biology
• Botany/Plant Biology
• Cell/Cellular Biology and Histology
• Anatomy
• Developmental Biology and Embryology
• Cell/Cellular and Molecular Biology
• Cell Biology and Anatomy
• Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences
• Microbiology
• Medical Microbiology and Bacteriology
• Virology
• Parasitology
• Mycology
• Immunology
• Microbiology and Immunology
• Microbiological Sciences and Immunology
• Zoology/Animal Biology
• Entomology
• Animal Physiology
• Animal Behavior and Ethology
• Wildlife Biology
• Zoology/Animal Biology
• Genetics
• Molecular Genetics
• Microbial and Eukaryotic Genetics
• Animal Genetics
• Plant Genetics
• Human/Medical Genetics
• Genome Sciences/Genomics
• Genetics
• Physiology
• Molecular Physiology
• Cell Physiology
• Endocrinology
• Reproductive Biology
• Cardiovascular Science
• Exercise Physiology
• Vision Science/Physiological Optics
• Pathology/Experimental Pathology
• Oncology and Cancer Biology
• Aerospace Physiology and Medicine
• Physiology, Pathology, and Related Sciences
• Pharmacology
• Molecular Pharmacology
• Neuropharmacology
• Toxicology
• Molecular Toxicology
• Environmental Toxicology
• Pharmacology and Toxicology
• Pharmacology and Toxicology
• Biometry/Biometrics26 261102 Biostatistics
• Bioinformatics
• Computational Biology
• Biomathematics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology
• Biotechnology
• Ecology
• Marine Biology and Biological Oceanography
• Evolutionary Biology
• Aquatic Biology/Limnology
• Environmental Biology
• Population Biology
• Conservation Biology
• Systematic Biology/Biological Systematics
• Epidemiology
• Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
• Ecology, Evolution, Systematics and Population Biology
• Molecular Medicine
• Neuroscience
• Neuroanatomy
• Neurobiology and Anatomy
• Neurobiology and Behavior
• Neurobiology and Neurosciences
• Biological and Biomedical Sciences
• Mathematics
• Algebra and Number Theory
• Analysis and Functional Analysis
• Geometry/Geometric Analysis
• Topology and Foundations
• Mathematics
• Applied Mathematics
• Computational Mathematics
• Computational and Applied Mathematics27 270305 Financial Mathematics
• Mathematical Biology
• Applied Mathematics
• Statistics
• Mathematical Statistics and Probability
• Mathematics and Statistics
• Statistics
• Mathematics and Statistics
• Air Science/Airpower Studies
• Air and Space Operational Art and Science
• Naval Science and Operational Studies
• Intelligence
• Strategic Intelligence
• Signal/Geospatial Intelligence
• Command & Control (C3, C4I) Systems and Operations
• Information Operations/Joint Information Operations
• Information/Psychological Warfare and Military Media Relations
• Cyber/Electronic Operations and Warfare
• ntelligence, Command Control and Information Operations
• Combat Systems Engineering
• Directed Energy Systems
• Engineering Acoustics
• Low-Observables and Stealth Technology
• Space Systems Operations
• Operational Oceanography
• Undersea Warfare
• Military Applied Sciences
• Aerospace Ground Equipment Technology
• Air and Space Operations Technology
• Aircraft Armament Systems Technology
• Explosive Ordinance/Bomb Disposal
• Joint Command/Task Force (C3, C4I) Systems
• Military Information Systems Technology
• Missile and Space Systems Technology
• Munitions Systems/Ordinance Technology
• Radar Communications and Systems Technology
• Military Systems and Maintenance Technology
• Military Technologies and Applied Sciences
• Biological and Physical Sciences
• Systems Science and Theory
• Mathematics and Computer Science
• Biopsychology
• Behavioral Sciences
• Natural Sciences
• Nutrition Sciences
• Cognitive Science
• Human Biology
• Computational Science
• Human Computer Interaction
• Marine Sciences
• Sustainability Studies
• Physical Sciences
• Astronomy
• Astrophysics
• Planetary Astronomy and Science
• Astronomy and Astrophysics
• Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
• Atmospheric Chemistry and Climatology
• Atmospheric Physics and Dynamics
• Meteorology
• Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
• Chemistry
• Analytical Chemistry
• Inorganic Chemistry
• Organic Chemistry
• Physical Chemistry
• Polymer Chemistry
• Chemical Physics
• Environmental Chemistry
• Forensic Chemistry
• Theoretical Chemistry
• Chemistry
• Geology/Earth Science
• Geochemistry
• Geophysics and Seismology
• Paleontology
• Hydrology and Water Resources Science
• Geochemistry and Petrology
• Oceanography, Chemical and Physical
• Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences
• Physics
• Atomic/Molecular Physics
• Elementary Particle Physics
• Plasma and High-Temperature Physics
• Nuclear Physics
• Optics/Optical Sciences
• Condensed Matter and Materials Physics
• Acoustics
• Theoretical and Mathematical Physics
• Physics
• Materials Science
• Materials Chemistry
• Materials Sciences
• Physical Sciences
• Science Technologies/Technicians
• Biology Technician/Biotechnology Laboratory Technician
• Industrial Radiologic Technician /Technology
• Nuclear/Nuclear Power Technology/Technician
• Nuclear and Industrial Radiologic Techonology/Technicians
• Chemical Technology/Technician
• Chemical Process Technology
• Physical Science Technologies/Technicians
• Science Technologies/Technicians
• Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics
• Comparative Psychology
• Developmental and Child Psychology
• Experimental Psychology
• Personality Psychology
• Physiological Psychology/Psychobiology
• Social Psychology
• Psychometrics and Quantitative Psychology
• Psychopharmacology
• Research and Experimental Psychology
• Forensic Science and Technology
• Cyber/Computer Forensics and Counterterrorism
• Archeology
• Econometrics and Quantitative Economics
• Geographic Information Science and Cartography
• Aeronautics/Aviation/Aerospace Science and Technology
• Cytotechnology/Cytotechnologist
• Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist
• Medical Scientist
• Pharmaceutics and Drug Design
• Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
• Natural Products Chemistry and Pharmacognosy
• Clinical and Industrial Drug Development
• Pharmacoeconomics/Pharmaceutical Economics
• Industrial and Physical Pharmacy and Cosmetic Sciences51
• Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Environmental Health
• Health/Medical Physics
• Veterinary Anatomy
• Veterinary Physiology
• Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology
• Veterinary Pathology and Pathobiology
• Veterinary Toxicology and Pharmacology
• Veterinary Preventive Medicine Epidemiology and Public Health
• Veterinary Infectious Diseases
• Medical Informatics
• Management Science
• Business Statistics
• Actuarial Science
• Management Science and Quantitative Methods

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